{"id":12292,"date":"2022-01-05T14:32:25","date_gmt":"2022-01-05T13:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/?p=12292"},"modified":"2022-01-05T14:32:25","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T13:32:25","slug":"gene-of-the-month-december-cirop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/en\/gene-of-the-month-december-cirop\/","title":{"rendered":"Gene of the Month &#8211; December: CIROP"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>CIROP<\/em> is a newly discovered gene which has an essential function in developing and distinguishing left and right in the human body. It is one of five genes that a team of scientists led by Bruno Reversade at the Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) has identified to directly contribute to left-right asymmetry. The genes have been lost twice in the course of vertebrate evolution and their expression correlates with the presence of motile cilia at the left-right organizer in certain vertebrates. At this specific region of the embryo, motile cilia generate a directional flow of extracellular fluids, thus breaking symmetry. The researchers named the newly discovered gene therefore <em>ciliated left\u2013right organizer metallopeptide<\/em> (CIROP). Starting with zebrafish, they performed extensive studies across several vertebral species, including frog and mice, and also used genome editing for gene knockout to investigate the encoded protein&#8217;s function.<\/p>\n<p>While the human body superficially appears symmetrical, for example with regard to limbs, a deeper look reveals a different picture: internal organs like heart, liver or spleen are asymmetrically placed. Their placement is governed during early embryonic development, when the left-right axis is specified by the left-right organizer, orchestrated by a signalling cascade. If this is not properly achieved, severe birth anomalies like congenital heart defects or misplacement of internal organs along the left-right axis may occur. In the light of the findings of their evolutionary analysis of genomes, the researchers searched for relevant genetic variants in patients and identified autosomal recessive <em>CIROP<\/em> variants in 21 patients with misarranged organs or congenital heart defects.<\/p>\n<p>The results of the study have been published in <em>Nature Genetics<\/em>.<\/p>\n[vc_column_text] Szenker-Ravi E, Ott T, Khatoo M, \u2026 Reversade B. Discovery of a genetic module essential for assigning left-right asymmetry in humans and ancestral vertebrates. <em>Nat Genet. <\/em>2021 Dec 13. doi: 10.1038\/s41588-021-00970-4. Epub ahead of print. [\/vc_column_text]\n[mk_button dimension=&#8221;flat&#8221; size=&#8221;medium&#8221; icon=&#8221;mk-icon-long-arrow-right&#8221; icon_anim=&#8221;side&#8221; url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/34903892&#8243; target=&#8221;_blank&#8221; bg_color=&#8221;#006699&#8243; btn_hover_bg=&#8221;#000000&#8243; btn_hover_txt_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221;]Article in PubMed[\/mk_button][mk_padding_divider size=&#8221;30&#8243;]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CIROP is a newly discovered gene which has an essential function in developing and distinguishing left and right in the human body. It is one of five genes that a team of scientists led by Bruno Reversade at the Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) has identified to directly contribute to left-right asymmetry. The genes have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gene-of-the-month"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gene of the Month - December: CIROP - Institut f\u00fcr Humangenetik<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The newly discovered CIROP gene has an essential function in developing and distinguishing left and right in the human body.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/en\/gene-of-the-month-december-cirop\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gene of the Month - December: CIROP - Institut f\u00fcr Humangenetik\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The newly discovered CIROP gene has an essential function in developing and distinguishing left and right in the human body.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/en\/gene-of-the-month-december-cirop\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institut f\u00fcr Humangenetik\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-05T13:32:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"KB\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"KB\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/en\/gene-of-the-month-december-cirop\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/en\/gene-of-the-month-december-cirop\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"KB\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humangenetik-umg.de\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/2273960540ea0d585310d12c8277e5cb\"},\"headline\":\"Gene of the Month &#8211; 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